Dr. Daxiong Ji | Robotics | Research Excellence Award

Dr. Daxiong Ji | Robotics | Research Excellence Award

Associate. Professor | Zhejiang University | China

Dr. Daxiong Ji is a distinguished researcher whose extensive contributions in marine science and intelligent systems are firmly rooted in robotics, with his work consistently advancing the global understanding of autonomous systems. His professional journey demonstrates a sustained commitment to robotics, especially in marine robotics, underwater robotics, intelligent robotics, and control-oriented robotics applications. As an associate professor and doctoral supervisor at the Ocean College of Zhejiang University, he has established a strong research portfolio that reflects a deep engagement with cutting-edge robotics innovations. His scholarly output exceeds forty peer-reviewed publications and more than twenty invention patents, each reinforcing his influence in the evolution of advanced robotics for underwater environments. His collaborations with leading experts, including international partnerships in control theory and underwater systems engineering, highlight his role in strengthening interdisciplinary ties across global robotics communities. Dr. Daxiong Ji’s research in marine robotics has driven novel solutions in dynamic modeling, autonomous navigation, fault diagnosis, and intelligent perception systems. His pioneering development of underwater multi-rotor platforms and data-driven diagnostic systems for deep-sea thrusters showcases high-impact applications of robotics that enhance safety, operational reliability, and environmental sustainability. His inventive work on intelligent robotic platforms for ship maintenance demonstrates the societal value of robotics, particularly in reducing labor intensity, improving maritime efficiency, and contributing to ocean-engineering innovation. Beyond research, he serves the international robotics field as an IEEE senior member, guest editor, reviewer for numerous prestigious journals, and evaluator for major scientific programs, further solidifying his leadership within the broader robotics landscape. His academic service and accomplishments reflect a holistic dedication to advancing robotics technologies while nurturing the next generation of scientists in marine robotics and intelligent systems. Google Scholar profile of 1211 Citations, 16 h-index, 22 i10-index.

Profiles: Google Scholar | ORCID

Featured Publications

1. Zhang, B., Ji, D., Liu, S., Zhu, X., & Xu, W. (2023). Autonomous underwater vehicle navigation: A review. Ocean Engineering, 273, 113861.

2. Gan, W., Zhu, D., & Ji, D. (2018). QPSO-model predictive control-based approach to dynamic trajectory tracking control for unmanned underwater vehicles. Ocean Engineering, 158, 208–220.

3. Bi, Z., Zhang, N., Xue, Y., Ou, Y., Ji, D., Zheng, G., & Chen, H. (2024). Oceangpt: A large language model for ocean science tasks. Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics.

4. Chen, C. W., Jiang, Y., Huang, H. C., Ji, D. X., Sun, G. Q., Yu, Z., & Chen, Y. (2017). Computational fluid dynamics study of the motion stability of an autonomous underwater helicopter. Ocean Engineering, 143, 227–239.

5. Ji, D., Yao, X., Li, S., Tang, Y., & Tian, Y. (2021). Model-free fault diagnosis for autonomous underwater vehicles using sequence convolutional neural network. Ocean Engineering, 232, 108874.

Dr. Atal Bihari Harichandan | Engineering | Editorial Board Member 

Dr. Atal Bihari Harichandan | Engineering | Editorial Board Member 

Associate Professor | Centre for UG and PG Studies, BPUT Rourkela | India

Dr. Atal Bihari Harichandan is a distinguished professional in the field of Engineering, widely recognized for his impactful contributions across multiple Engineering disciplines. With extensive experience and a commitment to advancing modern Engineering innovation, he has established himself as a leading figure in both academic and applied Engineering research. His scholarly pursuits reflect a consistent dedication to the development of advanced Engineering technologies, methodologies, and sustainable solutions that address real-world challenges. Throughout his Engineering career, Dr. Harichandan has actively engaged in interdisciplinary collaborations, bridging the gap between theoretical Engineering principles and industrial applications. His Engineering research has been instrumental in fostering innovation and improving Engineering processes that contribute to technological progress and societal advancement. He has authored numerous Engineering publications that have received significant academic attention and have become valuable references for emerging Engineering scholars and professionals globally. Dr. Harichandan’s Engineering excellence is reflected not only in his scholarly productivity but also in his leadership within collaborative Engineering projects and initiatives aimed at promoting sustainable growth and industrial development. His Engineering insights have contributed to enhanced designs, improved systems, and innovative Engineering frameworks that continue to inspire future research directions. With a strong global presence in the Engineering research community, Dr. Harichandan’s work exemplifies a dedication to knowledge dissemination, innovation, and continuous improvement within the Engineering domain. His commitment to mentoring young Engineering researchers further strengthens the foundation of global Engineering education and research culture. Scopus profile of 386 Citations, 39 Documents, 8 h-index.

Profiles: Scopus | ORCID

Featured Publications

1. Numerical Simulation of Harmonic Gust Induced 2D Low-Re Incompressible Flow Over Tandem Circular Cylinders using ECFRUNS. (2025). Journal of Research and Applications in Mechanical Engineering.

2. Square Cylinder Aerodynamics: Insights from Aeroacoustic Analysis. (2025). Journal of Aeronautics Astronautics and Aviation.

3. Effect of various reactor temperatures for mixed metallic oxides in chemical looping combustion system for carbon capture. (2025). Journal of Thermal Engineering.

Dr. Saranya Indhumathi G | Engineering | Editorial Board Member

Dr. Saranya Indhumathi G | Engineering | Editorial Board Member

Assistant Professor | Rajalakshmi Engineering College | India

Dr. Saranya G is a distinguished researcher whose scholarly contributions in the field of Engineering reflect excellence, innovation, and academic depth. With extensive experience in Engineering research and development, Dr. Saranya has made substantial progress in advancing applied and theoretical aspects of modern Engineering systems. Her work demonstrates a profound understanding of Engineering methodologies, design, and implementation, consistently aligning with global research standards. Through dedication to quality research, Dr. Saranya has contributed to several impactful studies in Engineering, which have inspired both academic and industrial applications. Her research output is marked by a strong focus on interdisciplinary collaboration, bridging various domains of Engineering to achieve innovative and sustainable solutions. Dr. Saranya’s publications in reputed journals highlight her commitment to the continuous evolution of Engineering practices and her passion for advancing knowledge in the global Engineering community. Her professional excellence has strengthened the integration of computational techniques, material innovations, and system optimization within Engineering research frameworks. Dr. Saranya’s collaborations with leading scholars and institutions have further enhanced the visibility and applicability of her Engineering research. She remains actively engaged in advancing experimental and analytical techniques that contribute to the future of Engineering innovation. Her body of work stands as a testament to the transformative potential of research-driven Engineering advancements and their impact on societal progress and technological development. Her scholarly excellence continues to enrich the domain of Engineering, promoting a culture of intellectual rigor and innovation. Google Scholar profile of 167 Citations, 8 h-index, and 7 i10-index.

Profile: Google Scholar

Featured Publications

1. Benazer, S. S., Dawood, M. S., Ramanathan, S. K., & Saranya, G. (2021). Efficient model for IoT based railway crack detection system. Materials Today: Proceedings, 45, 2789–2792.

2. Ambeth Kumar, V. D., Saranya, G., Elangovan, D., & Chiranjeevi, V. R. (2018). IOT-based smart museum using wearable device. International Conference on Innovative Computing and Communications, 27.

3. Saranya, G., Sivamangai, N. M., Ajayan, J., Sreejith, S., & Nithya, S. (2024). Semi-classical physics based model in AlGaN/BGaN based ultraviolet LED with p-AlGaN layer sandwiched around electron-blocking layer for droop-free efficiency. Micro and Nanostructures, 188, 207772.

4. Naveenkumar, R., Sivamangai, N. M., Napolean, A., Puviarasu, A., & Saranya, G. (2022). Preventive measure of SAT attack by integrating anti-SAT on locked circuit for improving hardware security. 2022 7th International Conference on Communication and Electronics Systems (ICCES), 14.

5. Jayanthi, P., Saranya, G., Duraimurugan, J., Sengodan, P., & Ravichandran, S. (2023). Construction of SnO₂/MWCNT nanocomposites as electrode materials for supercapacitor applications. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 108(1), 112–119.

Dr. Jagadish | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Dr. Jagadish | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Assistant Professor | Indian Statistical Institute, Bengaluru Centre | India

Dr. Jagadish is a distinguished researcher and Assistant Professor at the Indian Statistical Institute, Bangalore Centre, known for his influential contributions in Engineering fields encompassing Industrial Engineering, Production Engineering, and Mechanical Engineering. His academic and research accomplishments reflect a deep commitment to advancing Engineering principles through innovation, optimization, and sustainable development. With a strong foundation in Engineering optimization techniques, Engineering management, and Engineering modeling, Dr. Jagadish has established a reputation for excellence in multidisciplinary Engineering research. He has published 52 documents and accumulated 853 citations, achieving an h-index of 15 on Scopus, underscoring the impact and visibility of his scholarly work. A prolific author, Dr. Jagadish has contributed significantly to high-impact international journals and has authored and co-authored numerous Engineering books and book chapters published by leading academic publishers such as Springer, IGI Global, and Elsevier. His Engineering research spans optimization in green manufacturing, additive manufacturing, sustainable composites, and decision-making methods in production systems. He has also collaborated extensively with academic and industrial partners across multiple Engineering disciplines, bridging theoretical analysis with practical applications. His Engineering consultancy and project leadership demonstrate a strong connection between academic research and industrial implementation, particularly in areas such as quality management, Six Sigma applications, and process optimization. Dr. Jagadish’s leadership in Engineering training programs, conferences, and applied research projects has contributed greatly to capacity building and knowledge transfer in the Engineering community. His research integrates computational methods, experimental design, and sustainable approaches, reflecting the evolving role of Engineering in addressing environmental and industrial challenges. Through his consistent scholarly excellence and dedication to innovation, Dr. Jagadish continues to advance the frontiers of modern Engineering, contributing meaningfully to both academia and society.

Profiles: Scopus | ORCID | Google Scholar

Featured Publications

1. Performance Analysis and Optimization of Different Electrode Materials and Dielectric Fluids on Machining of High Carbon High Chromium Steel in Electrical Discharge Machining. (2022). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences India Section A: Physical Sciences.

2. Evaluation of Machining Properties of Short Bamboo Fiber-Based Green Composites Using CNC Drilling Process. (Conference Paper).

3. Performance Evaluation of Sand Coated Absorber Based Solar Air Collector. (2021). Journal of Building Engineering.

4. Energy, Exergy, and Environmental (3E) Analyses of Reverse and Cross-Corrugated Trapezoidal Solar Air Collectors: An Experimental Study. (2021). Journal of Building Engineering.

5. A Soft Computing-Based Study on WEDM Optimization in Processing Inconel 625. (2021). Neural Computing and Applications.

Jonathan Stromberg | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Mr. Jonathan Stromberg | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Undergraduate Research | University of Idaho | United States

Mr. Jonathan Stromberg is an emerging talent in the field of engineering, demonstrating exceptional commitment to research, innovation, and interdisciplinary collaboration. With a solid foundation in biological engineering, his work bridges advanced engineering techniques with environmental and sustainability challenges. His contributions to PFAS and wastewater treatment research showcase deep analytical ability, where he co-authored multiple peer-reviewed publications focused on PFAS defluorination and the optimization of plasma reactor performance. His engineering expertise extends to managing complex analytical systems such as LC-MS, IC, and UV-Vis for evaluating degradation mechanisms, which reflects a practical understanding of applied engineering science. As the lead of a NASA-affiliated wastewater engineering project, Mr. Stromberg has guided a multidisciplinary team in developing an ammonia and biochar-based treatment system, integrating performance-driven engineering design with real-world environmental applications. Beyond laboratory work, he demonstrates leadership and innovation as President of Product Development for a nonprofit organization, directing engineering design and commercialization strategies for a patented drink-safety dispenser. His experience spans project management, technical documentation, and system integration, essential skills for high-level engineering problem-solving. Mr. Stromberg’s global outlook, shaped by his volunteer engineering efforts in Kenya, underscores his dedication to sustainable development and societal impact. His proficiency with tools such as CAD, SolidWorks, MATLAB, and Python reflects a robust engineering skillset adaptable to diverse technological domains. His academic excellence and mentorship as a Supplemental Instruction Leader further highlight his ability to apply engineering principles to educational and collaborative contexts. Mr. Jonathan Stromberg’s professional trajectory exemplifies the integration of innovative engineering research, leadership, and global responsibility, contributing meaningfully to scientific advancement and environmental sustainability. Scopus profile of 287 Citations, 5 Documents, 4 h-index.

Profile: Scopus

Featured Publication

1. Dynamics and equilibrium of heme axial ligation in mesoporous nanocrystalline TiO₂ thin films. (2010). Inorganic Chemistry.

Dr. Temitope Adefarati | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Dr. Temitope Adefarati | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Post Doctoral Fellowship | University of Johannesburg | South Africa

Dr. Temitope Adefarati is a distinguished Engineering scholar whose expertise in Electrical and Electronic Engineering has made notable contributions to renewable energy, power systems, and smart grid technology. He holds advanced Engineering degrees from prestigious universities, including a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering, and has accumulated extensive experience in Engineering education, research, and industry. As an Engineering academic and researcher, he has served as an Associate Professor and Postdoctoral Fellow, contributing to Engineering curriculum development and the supervision of numerous postgraduate Engineering theses. His Engineering research focuses on optimizing renewable energy systems, distributed power generation, and sustainable energy integration. Dr. Adefarati’s Engineering excellence has been recognized through inclusion in the World’s Top 2% Scientists list for consecutive years and through his active role as an editorial board member of leading Engineering journals such as Frontiers in Smart Grids and International Journal of Energy Research. His Engineering research skills encompass power system reliability analysis, grid-connected PV optimization, and hybrid energy system simulation. With a prolific Engineering publication record in top-tier journals like Applied Energy, he has advanced the understanding of energy management and sustainable power systems. Dr. Adefarati’s Engineering commitment extends beyond academia through consultancy and professional affiliations, including COREN and the South African Institute of Electrical Engineers. His Engineering career demonstrates innovation, leadership, and dedication to advancing global energy solutions. Google Scholar profile of 2885 Citations, 31 i10 index, 22 h-index.

Profiles: ORCID | Google Scholar

Featured Publications

1. Adefarati, T., & Bansal, R. C. (2016). Integration of renewable distributed generators into the distribution system: A review. IET Renewable Power Generation, 10(7), 873–884.

2. Adefarati, T., & Bansal, R. C. (2019). Reliability, economic and environmental analysis of a microgrid system in the presence of renewable energy resources. Applied Energy, 236, 1089–1114.

3. Adefarati, T., & Bansal, R. C. (2017). Reliability assessment of distribution system with the integration of renewable distributed generation. Applied Energy, 185, 158–171.

4. Adefarati, T., & Bansal, R. C. (2017). Reliability and economic assessment of a microgrid power system with the integration of renewable energy resources. Applied Energy, 206, 911–933.

5. Adefarati, T., Bansal, R. C., & Just, J. J. (2017). Reliability and economic evaluation of a microgrid power system. Energy Proceedings, 142, 43–48.

Otilia Pitulac | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Ms. Otilia Pitulac | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Teaching Assistant | Technical University Gheorghe Asachi Iasi | Romania

Ms. Otilia Pitulac is an emerging scholar in the field of Environmental Engineering, recognized for her growing expertise and dedication to sustainability-driven Engineering innovations. She currently serves as a Teaching Assistant at the “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, where she contributes to academic and research excellence in hydrotechnics, geodesy, and environmental Engineering. Her academic journey includes a PhD in Environmental Engineering, a Master’s in Geomatics and Cartography, and a Bachelor’s in Geography, reflecting a strong foundation in both theoretical and applied Engineering disciplines. Ms. Pitulac’s research interests lie in environmental management, green city development, climate resilience, and sustainable Engineering practices. Her work emphasizes innovative approaches to soil conservation, resource optimization, and urban ecological balance within modern Engineering systems. Throughout her academic and professional experience, she has demonstrated Engineering skills in GIS analysis, project coordination, sustainable soil management, and environmental modeling. Her Engineering achievements are complemented by strong teamwork and communication abilities, essential for collaborative research environments. Ms. Pitulac has been actively engaged in guiding students and supporting Engineering research projects focused on sustainability and urban innovation. She has shown excellence in applying Engineering principles to address real-world environmental challenges, contributing meaningfully to the field’s evolution. Through continuous learning, practical engagement, and technical proficiency, Ms. Otilia Pitulac exemplifies the new generation of researchers shaping the future of sustainable Engineering, demonstrating an unwavering commitment to innovation, academic integrity, and interdisciplinary advancement.

Profile: ORCID

Featured Publication

1. Pitulac, O., Chirilă, C., Stătescu, F., & Marcoie, N. (2025). GIS-based assessment of photovoltaic and green roof potential in Iași, Romania. Applied Sciences, 15(19), 10786.

Dr. Deepakkumar R | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Dr. Deepakkumar R | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Assistant Professor | Vellore Institute of Technology | India

Dr. Deepakkumar R is a distinguished Engineering academician and researcher with expertise in Computational Fluid Dynamics, Mechanical Engineering, and Thermal Engineering. His Engineering career reflects deep engagement with teaching, research, and innovation in advanced Engineering systems such as heat exchangers, solar air heaters, hydrogen storage, and fuel cells. He has contributed significantly to Engineering research through his studies on vortex shedding, phase change materials, and multiphase flow analysis. His professional experience includes serving at leading Engineering institutions such as VIT Vellore, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, NIT Andhra Pradesh, and IIITDM Kancheepuram, where he guided numerous Engineering projects and doctoral candidates. His Engineering education spans from a Bachelor’s in Mechanical Engineering to a Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from IIITDM Kancheepuram, emphasizing Computational Engineering and simulation of fluid flows. Dr. Deepakkumar’s research skills include expertise in CFD tools like ANSYS Fluent, CATIA, Tecplot, and MATLAB, combined with experimental proficiency in wind and water tunnel analysis. His contributions to Engineering education and innovation have been recognized through multiple awards, including the “Outstanding Research Award” and “Best Research Paper Award,” underlining his excellence in Engineering research and pedagogy. His innovative work also extends to design registration in heat exchanger technology, showcasing his Engineering creativity and applied problem-solving capability. Overall, Dr. Deepakkumar R exemplifies the integration of Engineering research, teaching, and technology-driven innovation, continuously contributing to sustainable and renewable energy systems within the broader Engineering community. His Scopus profile of 184 Citations, 22 Documents, 7 h-index.

Profiles: Scopus | Google Scholar | ORCID

Featured Publications

1. Deepakkumar, R., & Jayavel, S. (2017). Air side performance of finned-tube heat exchanger with combination of circular and elliptical tubes. Applied Thermal Engineering, 119, 360–372.

2. Deepakkumar, R., Jayavel, S., & Tiwari, S. (2017). Cross flow past circular cylinder with waviness in confining walls near the cylinder. Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, 10(1), 183–197.

3. Ramalingam, S., Babu, D., Deepakkumar, R., & Malinee, S. (2022). Effect of Moringa oleifera biodiesel–diesel–carbon black water emulsion blends in diesel engine characteristics. Energy Reports, 8, 9598–9609.

4. Deepakkumar, R., & Jayavel, S. (2018). Effect of local waviness in confining walls and its amplitude on vortex shedding control of the flow past a circular cylinder. Ocean Engineering, 156, 208–216.

5. Ramalingam, S., Babu, D., Santhoshkumar, A., Deepakkumar, R., & Ravikanth, D. (2022). Impact of exhaust gas recirculation and split injection strategy combustion behavior on premixed charge compression ignition engine fuelled with moringa oleifera methyl ester. Fuel, 319, 123702.

Prof. Wenlong Song | Engineering | Best Scholar Award

Prof. Wenlong Song | Engineering | Best Scholar Award

Associate Professor | Jining University | China

Prof. Wenlong Song, a distinguished figure in the field of Engineering, has made significant contributions to Mechanical Design, Manufacturing, and Automation. He earned his doctoral degree from Shandong University and serves as an Associate Professor and Graduate Supervisor at the School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Jining University. His Engineering expertise focuses on efficient machining processes and advanced tool technology, where he has played a key role in leading multiple Engineering research initiatives. Prof. Song has successfully hosted several provincial, ministerial, and industrial Engineering projects, which have substantially advanced technological applications in precision machining and automation systems. His Engineering research has resulted in more than fifty academic publications and over forty authorized invention patents, reflecting his strong innovation capabilities and leadership in Engineering development. Recognized for his excellence, he has received multiple municipal and higher-level awards for his Engineering achievements. Prof. Song’s Engineering research skills encompass precision design, material optimization, process modeling, and manufacturing automation. His continued dedication to Engineering education and research demonstrates his commitment to nurturing the next generation of Engineering scholars while expanding the boundaries of modern mechanical systems. Through his extensive Engineering background and innovative approach, Prof. Wenlong Song stands out as a leading expert whose work continues to impact the Engineering community globally. 346 Citations, 33 Documents, 11 h-index.

Profiles: Scopus | Google Scholar

Featured Publications

1. (2025). Analytical and experimental investigation of vibration response for the cracked fluid-filled thin cylindrical shell under transport condition. Applied Mathematical Modelling.

2. (2025). Friction behavior of molybdenum disulfide/polytetrafluoroethylene-coated cemented carbide fabricated with a spray technique in dry friction conditions. Coatings.

3. (2024). Fabrication and tribology properties of PTFE-coated cemented carbide under dry friction conditions. Lubricants.

Wang Yuqi | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Mr. Wang Yuqi | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

postgraduate | Harbin Engineering University | China

Mr. Wang Yuqi is an accomplished researcher from Harbin Engineering University with a strong foundation in Mechanical and Electronic Engineering and Marine Robot systems, excelling in the field of engineering through his work on advanced robotics and intelligent control systems. His academic journey includes a master’s focus on marine robotics and an undergraduate specialization in mechanical and electronic engineering, supported by numerous honors and scholarships that highlight his academic excellence. His professional experience spans leading roles in engineering projects, including the design and optimization of deep-sea exploration ROV control systems, intelligent unmanned hovercraft, and sea cucumber robot technologies, where he applied cutting-edge engineering methodologies such as FreeRTOS-based scheduling, STM32 circuit design, FPGA communication protocols, and ROS data processing. He has further contributed as an intern at the National Deep Sea Base Management Center and Midea Group, where he advanced engineering solutions for marine exploration and motor control systems. His research interests lie in engineering design for underwater robotics, intelligent control, sensor integration, and embedded systems, which have led to recognition in national and international competitions. Mr. Wang Yuqi’s engineering expertise is complemented by strong skills in programming (C/C++, MATLAB), simulation and design tools, communication protocols, and hardware debugging, making him a versatile and innovative researcher. His achievements in engineering, both academically and professionally, have earned him awards, leadership roles, and recognition for his contributions to innovation in robotics and intelligent systems, reflecting a promising career in engineering research and application. 13 Citations, 6 Documents, 3 h-index

Profiles: Scopus | ORCID

Featured Publications

1. Zhang, H., Sun, Y., Zhao, Y., Xie, Y., Li, X., Wang, Y., & Zhao, C. (2024). Corrosion and carburization of Ni<sub>3</sub>Al-based superalloys in high-temperature carbon dioxide. Materials and Corrosion.

2. Huang, Y., Wang, Y., Yu, S., Zhang, H., & Zhao, C. (2024). Hot deformation behavior and dynamic recrystallization mechanisms of a Mn-Cu damping alloy. Materials Today Communications.

3. Huang, Y., Wang, Y., Yu, S., Zhang, H., & Zhao, C. (2024). Hot deformation behavior and dynamic recrystallization mechanisms of a Mn-Cu damping alloy. SSRN.

4. Li, X., Yu, S., Huang, Y., Wang, Y., Zhang, H., & Zhao, C. (2024). Impact of secondary γ’ precipitate on the high-temperature creep properties of DD6 alloy. Metals and Materials International.

5. Huang, Y., Wang, Y., Yu, S., Zhao, C., Zhao, Y., & Zhang, H. (2024). Influence of aging heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of a novel polycrystalline Ni3Al-based intermetallic alloy. SSRN.